The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act changed federal income tax rates, standard deductions
and a long list of thresholds. The tables below set the 2018 figures against the
2017 ones they replaced, by filing status, along with FICA rates, education
credits and the main miscellaneous provisions.
Single Taxpayers
2018 — Standard Deduction $12,000
2017 — Standard Deduction $6,350
10%
0 to $9,525
10%
0 to $9,325
12%
$9,525 to $38,700
15%
$9,325 to $37,950
22%
$38,700 to $82,500
25%
$37,950 to $91,900
24%
$82,500 to $157,500
28%
$91,900 to $191,650
32%
$157,500 to $200,000
33%
$191,650 to $416,700
35%
$200,000 to $500,000
35%
$416,700 to $418,400
37%
Over $500,000
39.6%
Over $418,400
Married Filing Jointly & Surviving Spouses
2018 — Standard Deduction $24,000
2017 — Standard Deduction $12,700
10%
0 to $19,050
10%
0 to $18,650
12%
$19,050 to $77,400
15%
$18,650 to $75,900
22%
$77,400 to $165,000
25%
$75,900 to $153,100
24%
$165,000 to $315,000
28%
$153,100 to $233,350
32%
$315,000 to $400,000
33%
$233,350 to $416,700
35%
$400,000 to $600,000
35%
$416,700 to $470,700
37%
Over $600,000
39.6%
Over $470,700
Married Filing Separately
2018 — Standard Deduction $12,000
2017 — Standard Deduction $6,350
10%
0 to $9,525
10%
0 to $9,325
12%
$9,525 to $38,700
15%
$9,325 to $37,950
22%
$38,700 to $82,500
25%
$37,950 to $76,550
24%
$82,500 to $157,500
28%
$76,550 to $116,675
32%
$157,500 to $200,000
33%
$116,675 to $208,350
35%
$200,000 to $500,000
35%
$208,350 to $235,350
37%
Over $500,000
39.6%
Over $235,350
Head of Household
2018 — Standard Deduction $18,000
2017 — Standard Deduction $9,350
10%
0 to $13,600
10%
0 to $13,350
12%
$13,600 to $51,800
15%
$13,350 to $50,800
22%
$51,800 to $82,500
25%
$50,800 to $131,200
24%
$82,500 to $157,500
28%
$131,200 to $212,500
32%
$157,500 to $200,000
33%
$212,500 to $416,700
35%
$200,000 to $500,000
35%
$416,700 to $444,500
37%
Over $500,000
39.6%
Over $444,500
Estates & Trusts
2018 Tax Rates
2017 Tax Rates
10%
0 to $2,550
15%
0 to $2,550
24%
$2,550 to $9,150
25%
$2,550 to $6,000
35%
$9,150 to $12,500
28%
$6,000 to $9,150
37%
Over $12,500
33%
$9,150 to $12,500
—
—
39.6%
Over $12,500
FICA — Social Security & Medicare
FICA Tax
2018
2017
Social Security tax rate: employers
6.2%
6.2%
Social Security tax rate: employees
6.2%
6.2%
Social Security tax rate: self-employed
15.3%
15.3%
Maximum taxable earnings
$128,400
$127,200
Medicare base salary
Unlimited
Unlimited
Medicare tax rate
1.5%
1.5%
Additional Medicare tax above $200,000 single / $250,000 joint
0.9%
0.9%
Medicare tax on net investment income
3.8%
3.8%
Education Credits & Deductions
Credit or deduction
2018
2017
American Opportunity Credit
$2,500
$2,500
Lifetime Learning Credit
$2,000
$2,000
Student loan interest deduction
$2,500
$2,500
Coverdell education savings contribution
$2,000
$2,000
Miscellaneous Provisions
Provision
2018
2017
Personal exemption
Eliminated
$4,050
Business expensing: cap on equipment purchases
$2,500,000
$2,030,000
Business expensing: new and used equipment and software
